Causes+for+conflict

Causes of Conflicts
As a general rule, these laws and taxes only applied to the colonies. These laws were not enacted in England. [|Hippo Link1] || a royal decree was issued that prohibited the North American colonists from establishing or maintaining settlements west of an imaginary line running down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. The proclamation acknowledged that Native Americans owned the lands on which they were then residing and white settlers in the area were to be removed. || [|Hippo Link2] || The act required the use of stamped paper for legal documents, diplomas, almanacs, broadsides, newspapers and playing cards. All those violating this act would be tried in Admiralty Courts, not in courts of local jurisdiction. || [|Hippo Link3] || - The purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue (money through taxes) in the colonies to pay for governors and judges who would be independent of colonial control; items to be taxed were imports of lead, paper, glass, and tea. - To create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations; - To punish the province of New York for failing to comply with the 1765 Quartering Act; and - To establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies || - A duty of three pence per pound was to be collected on tea delivered to America (less than Townshend Acts); - The tea was to be marketed in America by the East India Company thus having a monopoly on tea sales and hopefully stop the smuggling of tea from other countries. || [|Hippo Link4] || A group of colonists board the ships of the East India Company and dump the tea into Boston Harbor. This was a response to Governor Hutchinson's order that the ships were not to depart until the tea was unloaded. (The company feared violence if they attempted to unload the tea.) || - Massachusetts' charter was canceled.The Governor's Council will now be appointed by the King instead of elected by the state assembly. Town meetings may be held only once a year unless the governor calls for one. (//Massachusetts Government Act//) - Royal officials accused of crimes were sent to Britain for trial at the discretion of the appointed governor (Administration of Justice Act) - Colonists were required to house British soldiers within the city, not just in the barracks. Boston was the headquarters of all British troops in North America. (//Quartering Act of 1774//) ||
 * Event || Description ||
 * [|1733 Molasses Act] || a tax of sixpence per gallon on non-British sugar and molasses imported into the North American colonies (colonists got around this law by smuggling and bribing customs officials) ||
 * [|1763 Proclamation Line]
 * [|1764 Currency Act] || Paper money could no longer be used as legal tender in the North American colonies. No new paper money could be issued and that already in circulation was to be retired according to a prescribed timetable. (They could only use coins, but they were always in short supply.) ||
 * [|1764 Sugar Act] (based on the Molasses Act of 1733) || # Only threepence per gallon, but the government fully intended to collect the three-pence duty
 * 1) The list of taxable items was expanded far beyond sugar — specified wines and cloth, coffee, tropical foods and silk were now subject to importation duties
 * 2) American exports, notably iron and lumber, were subjected to close supervision; shippers were required to complete a difficult procedure before loading their cargoes. ||
 * [|1765 Stamp Act]
 *  [|Quartering Act of 1765] || Each colonial assembly was directed to provide for the basic needs of soldiers stationed within its borders. Specified items included bedding, cooking utensils, firewood, beer or cider and candles. Accommodations were usually in inns, taverns, and unoccupied buildings. ||
 * [|1765 The Sons of Liberty] || Secret radical groups in the colonies adopted this name and worked to oppose the stamp tax and other later parliamentary revenue programs. ||
 * [|1765 Virginia Resolution] || The [|House of Burgesses], representatives of the people of Virginia, rejected the right of Great Britain to tax Virginians, declaring that only Virginians can tax Virginians. ||
 * 1766 Declaratory Act || Parliament had the authority to make any laws that applied to the colonies. ||
 * [|1767 Townshend Acts]
 * [|1770 Boston Massacre] || British soldiers fired their rifles into a crowd of people that were attacking the soldiers with sticks, stones, and snowballs. The soldiers killed five and wounded six colonists. ||
 * [|Committees of Correspondence] || The Committees from different colonial assemblies tried to ensure communications between the colonies and publicize all British atrocities. ||
 * [|1773 Tea Act] || - Tea was allowed to be shipped in by [|East India Company] ships directly from India to the American colonies, thus avoiding a tax if the commodity were first sent to England as required by previous legislation;
 * [|1773 Boston Tea Party]
 * [|1774 Coercive Acts] (Intolerable Acts) || - Boston Harbor was closed until Boston paid for the ruined tea (//Boston Port Act//)
 * Quebec Act of 1774 || an unrelated act after the Boston Tea Party gave a large amount of land to Quebec in Canada ,thus ending expansion opportunities ||